Developing cost-effective simulators for patient management: A modular approach

Despite the progressive development and adoption of simulation-based training (SBT), the current practices do not match the ever-increasing international demand. This statement is especially applicable to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); a sophisticated life-saving technique that demands a highly-trained, multidisciplinary team. ECMO SBT mostly employs rudimentary and impractical techniques for simulation. Despite the availability of several simulators, the procedure remains highly costly to simulate and technical limitations impede scaled adoption and effective instruction. This paper proposes a novel modular approach to ECMO simulator design. By compartmentalizing the system into cost-effective, reusable, and extensible modules; physical fidelity can be achieved while keeping costs to a minimum.